![]() Efficacy of biological and chemical treatments for control of fusarium root and stem rot on greenhouse cucumber. Effect of solarization and Gliocladium virens on sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii, soil microbiota, and the incidence of Southern Blight of tomato. Southern blight is difficult to manage due to the low efficiency of the chemical control ( RISTAINO et al., 1991 RISTAINO, J.B. Caracterização biológica e fisiológica de isolados de Sclerotium rolfsii obtidos de pimentão no Estado do Maranhão. ![]() Variability in Indian isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii. Annual Review of Phytopathology, Palo Alto, v.23, p.97-127, 1985. The Biology, Ecology and Control of Sclerotium rolfsii. Therefore, it enables plant tissue penetration by fungal mycelium ( PUNJA, 1985 PUNJA, Z.K. The secretion of oxalic acid triggers the infectious process and reacts to calcium in the cell wall, which first produces calcium oxalate, then the pathogen secrets pectinase and endopolygalacturonase (enzymes). It is round-shaped and its size ranges from 0.5 to 3 mm in diameter. rolfsii has a melanized outer layer, cortex and a medulla consisting of thread-like hyphae. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Sclerotium rolfsii colonizes crop residues and produces sclerotium (resistance mechanism) to survive environmental extremes, such as lack of food sources for long periods-of-time ( BENÍTEZ et al., 2004 BENÍTEZ, T. This fungus can infect over 500 plant species due to its low host specificity ( PUNJA, 1985 PUNJA, Z.K. Sclerotium rolfsii, the pathogen of southern blight, causes root and crown rot, wilt and damping off in plants.
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